Mukhitdinov A.M., Ablaikhanova N.T., Mirasbek Y.A., Zhaparkulova N.І. Pollution of natural waters main types of pollutants. ways and forms of their migration to surface waters

Kazakh National Research Technical University named after K.I. Satpayev, Kazakhstzn, Almaty 2Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstzn, Almaty

Abstract

This article deals with the pollution of surface waters as a result of
human activities. It is shown that the contamination of natural water is
complex. It is emphasized that a large proportion of this process takes
dispersed (diffuse) pollution of water environments. Release of pollutants
from point sources is closely related to weather conditions, particularly
with precipitation in the form of rain and snow. Often, these sources are
dynamic in space and time and are difficult to identify and monitor. The article provides an overview of the main types of pollutants entering surface
waters. Their brief characteristics, ways and forms of migration, and the
impact on living organisms are described. The ever-growing human pressure on the aquatic environment requires constant control and monitoring
of pollutants thatare present in it. This is especially important for surface
water sources used to meet the needs of drinking and household purposes.
Key words: surface water, polluter,pollutants, impact.