Concentration control and air purification of the working area from hydrocyanic acid vapors in the production of oils from fruit kernels

Abstract

Complex processing of fruits (apricot and plum) and development of technology for obtaining cosmetic and edible oils by cold pressing of kernels is an urgent task of modern science. Fruit kernels contain 35-50% fat, the extraction of which will expand the range of food and cosmetic oils. In this work, apricots with a content of up to 8.8% amygdalin during the decay, which form vapors of hydrocyanic acid, as well as plums with a content of 8% amygdalin, were studied. The paper determined the concentration of hydrocyanic acid vapors in the air of the working area when using a screw press, as well as the concentration of hydrocyanic acid vapors in the air of the working area when using a hydraulic press. A device for filtering and purifying air from hydrocyanic acid vapors is proposed, as well as a technological scheme for cleaning the air of a production workshop from hydrocyanic acid vapors in the production of oils from fruit kernels, a potentiometric method has been developed. A method for determining the concentration of hydrocyanic acid in the air is proposed. The results of the analysis of the air of the production workshop for the concentration of hydrocyanic acid vapors in the production of oils from fruit kernels of InnovTechProduct LLP showed that the proposed filters in the production of oils from fruit kernels provide a concentration of hydrocyanic acid vapors below the MPC requirements.

Keywords: Fruit seeds, oil, production, work area, hydrocyanic acid, purification, concentration control.