Vegetaion of the southern range of Junggar Alatau mountains

Abstract

The Junggar Alatau mountain system stretches in the latitudinal direction at 450 km between N 44 and 46°. It consists of mainly two parallel,
high mountain ranges: the northern and southern. Vegetation occupies an
intermediate position between the Northern Tien Shan and the Altai mountains. Vegetation of the southern range has features of typical Central Asian
mountain systems (Cerasus tianschanica, Bothriochloa ischaemum, Krascheninnikovia ceratoides, Kochia prostrata) as well as some typical Siberian
species (Abies sibirica, Trollius altaicus, Atragene sibirica). The regularities
of altitudinal zonality of vegetation in the southern range of Junggar Alatau
mountains are studied. The following belts are identified: piedmont deserts;
mountain steppe with sub-belts of desert and meadow steppes; forest-meadow belt; subalpine meadows, steppes and elfin woods; cryophytic (alpine)
meadows and steppes. Forest-meadow belt is presented by fragments on the
slopes of northern exposure. Small-lived and coniferous-deciduous forests
grow only in the river valleys. Sub-belt of typical steppe is not found due
to aridity of the southern range and plowing foothill plains. Characteristics
of main types of vegetation are done for each altitudinal belt. According to
ecological-physiognomic classification, in the Junggar Alatau range there are
5 vegetation types: arboreal, shrubby, dwarf semi shrub, meadow, steppe.
Key words: ecology, vegetation, flora, species, Jungar Alatau, altitudinal zoning, kriofit.