Generalized evaluation of oil and gas pollution in Mangystau region

Abstract

The authors have developed a way to solve the inverse problem of integrated environmental assessment with the help of GIS technologies and
models of the objective function on the basis of the available in the Atlas
of Mangystau region maps with ready-made, integrated environmental assessment, take into account the effect of all sources of exposure. As previously published, oil and gas complex of Mangystau region in anthropogenic modification of the most important components of the environment
are examples of its decision the review stage works are considered to estimate the contribution of activity – relief, soils and vegetation. The results
of these calculations have shown that the oil and gas complex provides
an additional contribution to the degradation of soil cover in excess of the
average for all anthropogenic sources at the 19.31%, in relief degradation
– 18.3%, vegetation – 16.7%. In this article, we consider the estimation of
the impact of oil and gas complex in the groundwater.
In this article, we consider the assessment of the impact of oil and gas
complex in the groundwater. Specificity of this evaluation is the need to
detail the existing scale of the expert assessment of the level of anthropogenic disturbance of groundwater levels in three to five, as the necessary
from the standpoint of ensuring sufficient accuracy of the environmental
assessment in accordance with the recommendations of the environmental
engineering, and from the standpoint of the possibility of “cross-linking”
of all received solutions at integrated complex environmental Assessment.
For a detailed map of the grading scale used natural protection of groundwater, published in the Atlas of the Mangystau region. Square contours
combinations of 3 levels of anthropogenic disturbance with 4 levels of
natural protection of groundwater, and then with hydrocarbons location
areas defined in Arc GIS, the use of which components have greatly simplified the task, as after the procedure each loop sampling were received
vector shapefiles, areal values are displayed automatically in the derivation
of each circuit. The calculated objective functions have shown that the
oil and gas complex creates an additional burden on the vegetation, exceeding the average of all anthropogenic sources by 9.9%. A summary of
the assessment called because in the objective functions include numeric
expression sums of squares of each level of anthropogenic disturbance,
first across the region, and then for areas with the presence of oil and gas
complex
Key words: Mangystau region, oil and gas complex, the degree of anthropogenic disturbance of groundwater, the natural protection of groundwater geographic information system, the objective function.