Content of heavy metals in plants growing on the territory of influence of emissions of the Reider zinc factory

Abstract

The study of pollution of plants growing in the areas of emissions from industrial enterprises of
non-ferrous metallurgy is relevant, since the heavy metals in the soil-plant-animal chain fall into human
organs, causing diseases with serious consequences. The aim of the study is to identify and assess the
pollution of soil and plants by emission components of a zinc plant.
The sources of pollution, the zones of influence of the emissions of the zinc plant in the city of Ridder in the EKO, the distribution area of pollutants were determined, the state of the soil and vegetation
cover, the territories around the zinc plant. Studies have shown a negative impact on soil and vegetation cover. The surface of the soil over a large area is devoid of vegetation. Analytical data allowed to
determine the content of heavy metals in the soil, both gross and mobile forms. Priority elements of pollution are zinc, lead, copper and cadmium. Concentrations of heavy metals in the soil exceed the MAC
for both gross and mobile forms. The accumulation and distribution of heavy metals in the vegetative
parts of trees and shrubs is different. The negative impact of plant emissions on the vegetation cover is
manifested by the presence of scant vegetation with curtains, preserved individual individuals of willow
and fallen specimens, and the lack of vegetation in significant areas. The vast majority of plants are in
a depressed state. Under the influence of toxic emissions on the leaves, burns are formed, shrinkage of
branches and axial shoots of crops is observed, vegetative and generative development is weakened.
Key words: pollution, erosion processes, heavy metals, accumulation, migration