The problem of POP pesticides in Kazakhstan and methods for their restoration using the new high-efficient phytoremediant Мiscanthus sinensis (on the example of the Talgar region)

Abstract

Abstract. In the article has been shown results of the monitoring the territory of the former storehouse pesticides (vil. Kyzyl-Kairat, Talgar district, Almaty region) and assessing the remediation ability
soil contaminated with POPs (persistent organic pesticides) of the new bioenergetic species Miscanthus
sinensis. Established that the soil around the former warehouses contaminated with persistent organic
pesticides (HCB, α-HCH, γ-HCH, β-HCH, δ-HCH, DDT, 4.4’DDE, 2.4’DDD, 4.4’DDD, aldrin, heptachlor, hexabromobenzene, heptachloroepoxide, deldrin, dibutylendan, keltan, methoxychlor, endrin,
endrin aldehyde, endosulfan sulfate, endosulfan, chlordane, chlorobenzylate), the concentrations of
which exceeded MAC up to 120 times. The main soil contaminants were pesticides – α-HCH, β-HCH,
δ-HCH, DDT, 4.4’DDE, 2.4’DDD, aldrin, deldrin, endrin, heptachloroepoxide, endosulfan 1 and chlorobenzylate. M. sinensis was grown on the contaminated soil with pesticides was found that the plant
has tolerance (tolerance index 0.76) and the ability to extract up to 11 μg of DDT metabolites from
contaminated soil. Revealed a decrease in the content of chlorophyll a and an increase of auxiliary pigments – chlorophyll b and carotenoids in the leaves, as the adaptive reaction of the photosynthetic apparatus to the action of a xenobiotic. The results obtained indicate on the adaptability of M. sinensis to high concentrations of POPs pesticides in the soil and the prospect of their use for the development of
phytoremediation technology.
Key words: POPs pesticides, plant, productivity, photosynthesis, phytoremediation, soil