Influence of environmental factors on the development of storehouse fungus and fungi from the field

Abstract

The article shows the results of a study of the biological and environmental characteristics of fungi
that damage crops. Seeds of grain crops were collected from granaries of Talgar, Ili, Karasai and Zhambyl
districts of Almaty region.728 samples of cereal seeds (Triticum aestivum L., Avena sativa L., Hordeum
vulgare L., Zea mays L., Oryza sativa L., Sorghum) were collected. Based on studies of morphological
and cultural characteristics, the following species of mushrooms are identified: Penicillium expansum
Link, Aspergillus flavus Link, Rhizopus nigricans Ehrenb., Alternaria alternate (Fr) Keisse, Macrosporium
commune Wall., Fusarium proliferatum (Matsush.), Alternaria tenuis Neees, West Africa, West Africa. ,
Mucor mucedo Fres, Helminthosporium sativum Pammel, Cladosporium herbarium (Pers.) Link, Trichothecium roseum Link. In determining the damage to the types of fungi grain crops were used methods
for determining the morphological and cultural characteristics, macroscopic. Depending on the morphological features of the species of fungi, the damaging grains were determined using the Naumov and
Litvinov determinants. Identified environmental factors affecting the development of species of fungi.
The effect of temperature and humidity on the growth and development of species of fungi was studied.
Key words: fungi, grain seeds, field fungus, storage fungus,