ASSESSING ECOLOGICAL AWARENESS LEVELS: A NEW MULTI-DIMENSIONAL CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Abstract

Assessments of ecological awareness levels are immensely crucial in ecological awareness studies,
especially for a developing country like Kazakhstan, which has struggled and is still struggling to address
various environmental problems ranging from the Aral Sea to water deficiency matters. While many
scholars have addressed the specific aspects of environmental problems such as air and water pollution,
there is limited amount of work on addressing ecological awareness levels among the general popula-
tion by local Kazakhstani scholars. This paper’s research objective was to propose a new conceptual
framework for assessing ecological awareness levels. It consisted of four main dimensions: cognitive, af-
fective, altruistic and conative dimension, for which each of the following dimensions different research
instruments were introduced. For that, the paper extensively researched, emulated and re-applied the
theoretical frameworks and concepts of the works of Western scholars. The aim of this research is to fill
the research gap on the lack of conceptual frameworks in assessing the general public’s level of ecologi-
cal awareness in Kazakhstan. The results obtained from this paper was the introduction of a new multi-
dimensional framework and the applicability of three new research instruments for future academic
studies in the context of Kazakhstan. These new research tools included the 15-item EEV Scale Model,
26-item Environmental Risk Perception Scale Model, and the 18-item EAS Model. This paper provided
researchers with immensely valuable research instruments for pinpointing differences in environmental
values, beliefs, concerns, and perceptions of different sample populations in Kazakhstan.
Key words: Kazakhstan; ecological awareness; conceptual framework; assessment dimensions.