Construction of a geoecological map of dust particles transfer from the surface of the Shymkent lead (plumbum) factory dump

Abstract

The study of horizontal migration of heavy metals is relevant for Shymkent city. In 1934, lead processing began, and sludge waste was stored on the territory of the lead factory. Ameliorative or other structures capable of reducing dust emissions have not been built around the lead dump, allowing lead dust to freely spread over long distances from the SPZ (sanitary protection zone). In this article, the horizontal migration of lead dust was studied based on climatic and calculated data by building a physical model; in addition, a geoecological map was built. This work has practical significance for further ecological and geochemical assessment of soils for the content of heavy metal concentrations, since it visually characterizes the spread of lead dust along the wind rose. To build a geoecological map of the transfer of impurities, we are faced with the task of determining the rate of settling of hovering particles and their distributions depending on the masses of particles and wind speed.

To determine the rate of deposition of lead particles in the atmosphere, we need to study the shape of lead, background meteorological situation, particle diameter, solid particle density, medium density and dynamic viscosity of the medium. The removal of dust particles from the surfaces of ash and slag dumps of industrial facilities into the atmosphere under the influence of wind erosion, followed by their deposition on the soil, is one of the most common ways of polluting the territories of industrial facilities. As a result of the calculations, the surface concentration of dust particles was derived and a geoecological map was compiled.

Keywords: geoecological map, lead dumps, assessment of dust emissions, horizontal migration of heavy metals, physical model of transport and scattering.